Learn European Portuguese Pronunciation

Complete Guide

Portuguese pronunciation is known to be quite difficult. It is indeed complex, but the good news is that it is not chaotic.

With the rules presented in this tutorial, you will be able to understand how written Portuguese is actually pronounced.

If you already know how consonants are pronounced, you can skip ahead to vowel pronunciation.

If you already know all this and simply want to improve your European Portuguese accent, see our subtitled video examples.

Let's begin with the basics:

LetterIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
B/b/ bananabanana
D/d/ dosedose
F/f/ faceface
L/l/ listalist
M/m/ manualmanual
N/n/ normalnormal
P/p/ partepart
Q/k/ qualidadequality
S/s/ socialsocial
Z/z/ zebrazebra
T/t/ táxitaxi
V/v/ visitavisit

Those were really easy, right?

Let's continue!

LetterFollowed ByIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
CA, O or U/k/ culturaculture
E or I/s/ centrocentre
Ç-/s/serviçoservice
GA, O or U/g/ gasolinagasoline
E or I/ʒ/ génerogenre (ZH)
J-/ʒ/ JaimeJacques (ZH)
HWord beginningSilenthorahour
RWord beginning/ʁ/ recente(Guttural R)
Otherwise/ɾ/centralcity (AE)

Now let's look at the digraphs:

LetterIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
CH/ʃ/ charadacharade (SH)
LH/ʎ/brilhantebrilliant
NH/ɲ/canhãocanyon
RR/ʁ/correto(Guttural R)
SS/s/clássicoclassic

Coda consonants:

Some consonants have a different sound when they occur at the end of a syllable. This is the case with M, N, S, and Z.

LetterIPAPortuguese Example
MSilentimportantePreceding vowel becomes nasal
NSilentcontacto

Followed by an unvoiced consonant (c, ç, ch, f, p, q, s, t) or a pause:

LetterIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
S/ʃ/InglêsEnglish
Zfaz três

Followed by a voiced consonant (b, d, g, j, l, lh, m, n, nh, r, rr, v, z):

LetterIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
S/ʒ/Islândiacasual (ZH)
Zfelizmenteseizure (ZH)

Between vowels:

LetterIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
S/z/visitavisit
Zfeliz aniversáriolazy

Any consonant other than these (M, N, S, Z) will not change. Let's continue.

The sounds of X:

I left X until the end on purpose. It is the only ambiguous consonant in Portuguese:

LetterRuleIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
XWord beginning/ʃ/ xampôshampoo
After diphthongcaixa
After MEmexicano
After ENenxame

At the end of a syllable, it follows the same rules as S and Z.

In other cases, it may have one of the following sounds:

LetterIPAPortuguese ExampleEnglish Approximation
X/ʃ/luxúriashop
/s/ximosocial
/z/existexylophone
/ks/xitaxi
/gz/hexadecimalexample

That's it. We've seen all the consonant sounds.

Click here to continue to the second part of this tutorial: vowel pronunciation. ⇨

Exercise: pay attention to how the consonants sound:

Continue to the second part of this tutorial: vowel pronunciation. ⇨

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